BGP Communities

AS14525 BGP CommunitiesUpdated Mar 24, 2025, 3:21 PM

Stellar Technologies leverages BGP Standard Communities to provide granular control of internal and external traffic engineering. This document describes the BGP Communities implemented in AS14525. The information contained herein should be considered authoritative for this purpose.

Well-Known Communities

AS14525 supports some well-known BGP communities for routing and export control.

Community	Description
`65535:1`	`NO_EXPORT` Don't export outside AS14525 (RFC1997)
`65535:2`	`NO_ADVERTISE` Don't export to any other peer, internal or external (RFC1997)
`65535:666`	`BLACKHOLE` Blackhole traffic to any IPv4 /32 or IPv6 /128 route (RFC7999)

AS14525 Communities

Originated Route Types

Routes to destinations inside AS14525.

Community	Description
`14525:1`	Originated Any
`14525:2`	Global Aggregate
`14525:3`	Regional Aggregate
`14525:4`	Metro Aggregate
`14525:5`	POP Aggregate
`14525:6`	Specific Prefix

External Route Types

Routes to destinations outside AS14525.

Communitiy	Description
`14525:1*`	Customer Route
`14525:2*`	Private Peer Route
`14525:3*`	Public Peer/IX Route
`14525:4*`	Transit Route

In external route type communities, x corresponds to an arbitrary internal identifier. For the purposes of regular expression filtering, one should use a pattern such as ^14525:1[0-9]$ if the intent is to filter all customer routes.

Security Signaling

RPKI

Stellar drops RPKI Invalid announcements at all external peering points. After dropping RPKI Invalids, AS14525 attaches the following communities to each prefix relative to its RPKI state:

Community	Description
`14525:600`	RPKI Valid
`14525:601`	RPKI Unknown

Remotely Triggered Black Hole Filtering

Customers and peers may signal to AS14525 to automatically blackhole any host prefix (IPv4 /32 or IPv6 /128) in their allowed address space.Upon import, routes with a blackhole community are propagated to other AS14525 routers, and all traffic to the host is discarded globally. Routes with a blackhole community also have the no-export community appended, so they are never exported from AS14525.

Community	Description
`14525:666`	Blackhole traffic to any host route. Equivalent to well-known BLACKHOLE community.

Blackhole CommunityWhile blackhole communities are accepted from transit peers, they are only accepted on routes with an AS_PATH length of 1 (directly originated).

Origin Identifiers

Community	Description
`14525:0`	Any route that has ingressed or egressed AS14525
`14525:1xxxx`	Routes from Region `xxx`
`14525:2xxx`	Routes from Country `xxx`
`14525:30xx`	Routes from Metro `xxx`
`14525:4xxx`	Routes from Point of Presence (POP) `xxx`
`14525:9xxx`	Routes from a specific Peer `xxx`

Region IDs

Region ID numbers map to UN M.49 identifiers.

Region	ID
Northern Africa	15
Eastern Africa	14
Middle Africa	17
Southern Africa	18
Western Africa	11
Caribbean	29
Central America	13
South America	5
North America	21
Asia	142
Europe	150
Australia	53
New Zealand	53
Micronesia	57
Polynesia	61

Country IDs

Country ID numbers map to ISO 3166-1 country identifiers.

Name	Code	ID
Afghanistan	AF	4
Åland Islands	AX	248
Albania	AL	8
Algeria	DZ	12
American Samoa	AS	16
Andorra	AD	20
Angola	AO	24
Anguilla	AI	660
Antarctica	AQ	10
Antigua and Barbuda	AG	28
Argentina	AR	32
Armenia	AM	51
Aruba	AW	533
Australia	AU	36
Austria	AT	40
Azerbaijan	AZ	31
Bahamas	BS	44
Bahrain	BH	48
Bangladesh	BD	50
Barbados	BB	52
Belarus	BY	112
Belgium	BE	56
Belize	BZ	84
Benin	BJ	204
Bermuda	BM	60
Bhutan	BT	64
Bolivia (Plurinational State of)	BO	68
Bonaire, Sint Eustatius and Saba	BQ	535
Bosnia and Herzegovina	BA	70
Botswana	BW	72
Bouvet Island	BV	74
Brazil	BR	76
British Indian Ocean Territory	IO	86
Brunei Darussalam	BN	96
Bulgaria	BG	100
Burkina Faso	BF	854
Burundi	BI	108
Cabo Verde	CV	132
Cambodia	KH	116
Cameroon	CM	120
Canada	CA	124
Cayman Islands	KY	136
Central African Republic	CF	140
Chad	TD	148
Chile	CL	152
China	CN	156
Christmas Island	CX	162
Cocos (Keeling) Islands	CC	166
Colombia	CO	170
Comoros	KM	174
Congo	CG	178
Congo, Democratic Republic of the	CD	180
Cook Islands	CK	184
Costa Rica	CR	188
Côte d'Ivoire	CI	384
Croatia	HR	191
Cuba	CU	192
Curaçao	CW	531
Cyprus	CY	196
Czechia	CZ	203
Denmark	DK	208
Djibouti	DJ	262
Dominica	DM	212
Dominican Republic	DO	214
Ecuador	EC	218
Egypt	EG	818
El Salvador	SV	222
Equatorial Guinea	GQ	226
Eritrea	ER	232
Estonia	EE	233
Eswatini	SZ	748
Ethiopia	ET	231
Falkland Islands (Malvinas)	FK	238
Faroe Islands	FO	234
Fiji	FJ	242
Finland	FI	246
France	FR	250
French Guiana	GF	254
French Polynesia	PF	258
French Southern Territories	TF	260
Gabon	GA	266
Gambia	GM	270
Georgia	GE	268
Germany	DE	276
Ghana	GH	288
Gibraltar	GI	292
Greece	GR	300
Greenland	GL	304
Grenada	GD	308
Guadeloupe	GP	312
Guam	GU	316
Guatemala	GT	320
Guernsey	GG	831
Guinea	GN	324
Guinea-Bissau	GW	624
Guyana	GY	328
Haiti	HT	332
Heard Island and McDonald Islands	HM	334
Holy See	VA	336
Honduras	HN	340
Hong Kong	HK	344
Hungary	HU	348
Iceland	IS	352
India	IN	356
Indonesia	ID	360
Iran (Islamic Republic of)	IR	364
Iraq	IQ	368
Ireland	IE	372
Isle of Man	IM	833
Israel	IL	376
Italy	IT	380
Jamaica	JM	388
Japan	JP	392
Jersey	JE	832
Jordan	JO	400
Kazakhstan	KZ	398
Kenya	KE	404
Kiribati	KI	296
Korea (Democratic People's Republic of)	KP	408
Korea, Republic of	KR	410
Kuwait	KW	414
Kyrgyzstan	KG	417
Lao People's Democratic Republic	LA	418
Latvia	LV	428
Lebanon	LB	422
Lesotho	LS	426
Liberia	LR	430
Libya	LY	434
Liechtenstein	LI	438
Lithuania	LT	440
Luxembourg	LU	442
Macao	MO	446
Madagascar	MG	450
Malawi	MW	454
Malaysia	MY	458
Maldives	MV	462
Mali	ML	466
Malta	MT	470
Marshall Islands	MH	584
Martinique	MQ	474
Mauritania	MR	478
Mauritius	MU	480
Mayotte	YT	175
Mexico	MX	484
Micronesia (Federated States of)	FM	583
Moldova, Republic of	MD	498
Monaco	MC	492
Mongolia	MN	496
Montenegro	ME	499
Montserrat	MS	500
Morocco	MA	504
Mozambique	MZ	508
Myanmar	MM	104
Namibia	NA	516
Nauru	NR	520
Nepal	NP	524
Netherlands	NL	528
New Caledonia	NC	540
New Zealand	NZ	554
Nicaragua	NI	558
Niger	NE	562
Nigeria	NG	566
Niue	NU	570
Norfolk Island	NF	574
North Macedonia	MK	807
Northern Mariana Islands	MP	580
Norway	NO	578
Oman	OM	512
Pakistan	PK	586
Palau	PW	585
Palestine, State of	PS	275
Panama	PA	591
Papua New Guinea	PG	598
Paraguay	PY	600
Peru	PE	604
Philippines	PH	608
Pitcairn	PN	612
Poland	PL	616
Portugal	PT	620
Puerto Rico	PR	630
Qatar	QA	634
Réunion	RE	638
Romania	RO	642
Russian Federation	RU	643
Rwanda	RW	646
Saint Barthélemy	BL	652
Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha	SH	654
Saint Kitts and Nevis	KN	659
Saint Lucia	LC	662
Saint Martin (French part)	MF	663
Saint Pierre and Miquelon	PM	666
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines	VC	670
Samoa	WS	882
San Marino	SM	674
Sao Tome and Principe	ST	678
Saudi Arabia	SA	682
Senegal	SN	686
Serbia	RS	688
Seychelles	SC	690
Sierra Leone	SL	694
Singapore	SG	702
Sint Maarten (Dutch part)	SX	534
Slovakia	SK	703
Slovenia	SI	705
Solomon Islands	SB	90
Somalia	SO	706
South Africa	ZA	710
South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands	GS	239
South Sudan	SS	728
Spain	ES	724
Sri Lanka	LK	144
Sudan	SD	729
Suriname	SR	740
Svalbard and Jan Mayen	SJ	744
Sweden	SE	752
Switzerland	CH	756
Syrian Arab Republic	SY	760
Taiwan, Province of China	TW	158
Tajikistan	TJ	762
Tanzania, United Republic of	TZ	834
Thailand	TH	764
Timor-Leste	TL	626
Togo	TG	768
Tokelau	TK	772
Tonga	TO	776
Trinidad and Tobago	TT	780
Tunisia	TN	788
Turkey	TR	792
Turkmenistan	TM	795
Turks and Caicos Islands	TC	796
Tuvalu	TV	798
Uganda	UG	800
Ukraine	UA	804
United Arab Emirates	AE	784
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland	GB	826
United States of America	US	840
United States Minor Outlying Islands	UM	581
Uruguay	UY	858
Uzbekistan	UZ	860
Vanuatu	VU	548
Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of)	VE	862
Viet Nam	VN	704
Virgin Islands (British)	VG	92
Virgin Islands (U.S.)	VI	850
Wallis and Futuna	WF	876
Western Sahara	EH	732
Yemen	YE	887
Zambia	ZM	894
Zimbabwe	ZW	716

Metro IDs

Metros are groups of Points of Presence (POPs) that are geographically and performantly close to one or more groups of customers.

Name	ID
US West	`01`
US Hawaii	`02`
US Central	`03`
US East	`04`

POP IDs

Each Point of Presence is assigned a unique identifier for the purposes of identification and routing control.

Name	ID	Location	Facility	Region	Country	Region
phx01	`001`	Phoenix, AZ	EdgeConneX ECDPHX01	US West	US	North America
hnl01	`003`	Honolulu, HI	DRFortress	US Hawaii	US	North America
gvl01	`004`	Greenville, SC	DC BLOX GSP	US East	US	North America

Peer IDs

ASN(s)	Name	Type	ID
2914	NTT America, Inc.	Transit	`001`
6939	Hurricane Electric	Tranist	`002`
1299	Arelion/Telia Carrier	Tranist	`003`
3257	GTT Communications	Legacy	`004`
7843, 20115, 20001	Spectrum	Private Peer	`005`
701	Verizon	Legacy	`006`
40300	DRFortress: DRFConnect	Legacy	`007`
40300	DRFortress: DRF-IX	IX Route Server	`008`
13335	Cloudflare	Private Peer	`009`
22773	Cox Communications	Private Peer	`010`
62484	48 IX	IX Route Server	`011`
34553	PacketFrame	Customer	`012`
24115	Equinix Chicago	Legacy	`013`
3356	Lumen Technologies	Transit	`014`
33713	Chicago Internet Exchange	Legacy	`015`
36149	Hawaiian Telcom	Private Peer	`016`
8075	Microsoft	Private Peer	`017`
19035	Hawaii Internet Exchange	Private Peer	`018`
19233	Xiber Hawaii (fka Hawaii Dialogix Telecom)	Private Peer	`019`

Community ExportAll Origin ID communities are exported to transit, direct, IXP, and customer peers.

Legacy Communities

Community	Description	Notes
`14525:50xx`	Metro Aggregate, where `xx` is equal to the Metro ID.	Currently used to control export of routes within a metro area.

Routing Control

The following communities are used to influence routing decisions within AS14525. Routing control communities are never exported to external peers of AS14525.

Local Preference

Levels

Each local preference community maps to a specific level of preference allowed for the peer type.

Peer Type	Default	Level 1	Level 2	Level 3
Transit	150
Public Peer	200
Private Peer	250	50	150	250
Customer	350	50	250	350

Peer Local PreferenceTransit peers may use the local preference communities, however they will only be applied to routes with an AS_PATH length of 1 (directly originated). Local preference communities are not accepted from public peers (IX route servers).

Communities

When using a local preference community, the corresponding local preference will be applied based on peer type.

Community	Description
`14525:10001`	Set Local Preference to Level 1
`14525:10002`	Set Local Preference to Level 2
`14525:10003`	Set Local Preference to Level 3

AS Path Prepend

Customers and peers may signal AS14525 to automatically prepend 14525 to route announcements. Prepend communities are only accepted from customers, direct peers, and transit peer routes with an AS_PATH length of 1.Prepending OrderPrepending occurs on export from AS14525.

Community	Description
`14525:11000`	Prepend 14525 1x to all peers & customers
`14525:21000`	Prepend 14525 2x to all peers & customers
`14525:31000`	Prepend 14525 3x to all peers & customers
`14525:11xxx`	Prepend 14525 1x to all peers with ID xxx
`14525:21xxx`	Prepend 14525 2x to all peers with ID xxx
`14525:31xxx`	Prepend 14525 3x to all peers with ID xxx
`14525:12xxx`	Prepend 14525 1x to all peers in Region xxx
`14525:22xxx`	Prepend 14525 2x to all peers in Region xxx
`14525:32xxx`	Prepend 14525 3x to all peers in Region xxx
`14525:13xxx`	Prepend 14525 1x to all customers in Region xxx
`14525:23xxx`	Prepend 14525 2x to all customers in Region xxx
`14525:33xxx`	Prepend 14525 3x to all customers in Region xxx
`14525:14xxx`	Prepend 14525 1x to all peers in Country xxx
`14525:24xxx`	Prepend 14525 2x to all peers in Country xxx
`14525:34xxx`	Prepend 14525 3x to all peers in Country xxx
`14525:15xxx`	Prepend 14525 1x to all customers in Country xxx
`14525:25xxx`	Prepend 14525 2x to all customers in Country xxx
`14525:35xxx`	Prepend 14525 3x to all customers in Country xxx
`14525:16xxx`	Prepend 14525 1x to all peers in Metro xxx
`14525:26xxx`	Prepend 14525 2x to all peers in Metro xxx
`14525:36xxx`	Prepend 14525 3x to all peers in Metro xxx
`14525:17xxx`	Prepend 14525 1x to all customers in Metro xxx
`14525:27xxx`	Prepend 14525 2x to all customers in Metro xxx
`14525:37xxx`	Prepend 14525 3x to all customers in Metro xxx
`14525:18xxx`	Prepend 14525 1x to all peers in POP xxx
`14525:28xxx`	Prepend 14525 2x to all peers in POP xxx
`14525:38xxx`	Prepend 14525 3x to all peers in POP xxx
`14525:19xxx`	Prepend 14525 1x to all customers in POP xxx
`14525:29xxx`	Prepend 14525 2x to all customers in POP xxx
`14525:39xxx`	Prepend 14525 3x to all customers in POP xxx

Examples

Prepend Prepend 1x to all Customers & Peers

Cisco IOS

!
ip prefix-list prepend1 permit 192.0.2.0/24
!
route-map as14525-out permit 10
  match ip address prefix-list prepend1
  set community 14525:11000
route-map as14525-out permit 20
!
router bgp 64496
  neighbor 198.51.100.1 remote-as 14525
  address-family ipv4 unicast
    neighbor 198.51.100.1 route-map as14525-out out
!

Juniper JunOS

set policy-options community as14525-prepend1 members 14525:11000
set policy-options prefix-list prepend1 192.0.2.0/24
set policy-options policy-statement as14525-out term prepend1 from prefix-list prepend1
set policy-options policy-statement as14525-out term prepend1 then community add as14525-prepend1
set policy-options policy-statement as14525-out then accept
set protocols bgp group ipv4-as14525 peer-as 14525
set protocols bgp group ipv4-as14525 neighbor 198.51.100.1
set protocols bgp group ipv4-as14525 export as14525-out

Prepend 2x to all Peers in Australia

Cisco IOS

!
ip prefix-list prepend2-australia permit 192.0.2.0/24
!
route-map as14525-out permit 10
  match ip address prefix-list prepend2-australia
  set community 14525:24036
route-map as14525-out permit 20
!
router bgp 64496
  neighbor 198.51.100.1 remote-as 14525
  address-family ipv4 unicast
    neighbor 198.51.100.1 route-map as14525-out out

Juniper JunOS

set policy-options community as14525-prepend2-australia members 14525:24036
set policy-options prefix-list prepend2-australia 192.0.2.0/24
set policy-options policy-statement as14525-out term prepend from prefix-list prepend2-australia
set policy-options policy-statement as14525-out term prepend then community add as14525-prepend2-australia
set policy-options policy-statement as14525-out then accept
set protocols bgp group ipv4-as14525 peer-as 14525
set protocols bgp group ipv4-as14525 neighbor 198.51.100.1
set protocols bgp group ipv4-as14525 export as14525-out

AS PrependingBecause 14525 is automatically prepended to all route announcements, using the above prepend communities yields an AS_PATH of 14525 + N where N is the number of prepends. For example:Given a customer ASN of 64496, and a customer prefix of 192.0.2.0/24, a standard route announcement would look like:

Prefix          AS_PATH
192.0.2.0/24    14525 64496 i

For each available prepend options, the route announcement would look like one of the below examples on export from AS14525:1X PREPEND

Prefix          AS_PATH
192.0.2.0/24    14525 14525 64496 i

2X PREPEND

Prefix          AS_PATH
192.0.2.0/24    14525 14525 14525 64496 i

3X PREPEND

Prefix          AS_PATH
192.0.2.0/24    14525 14525 14525 14525 64496 i

Export Control

No Export

Routes with a No Export community attached are immediately rejected on export, prior to any other policy being applied.

Community	Description	Support Status
`14525:40001`	Don't export outside of AS14525. Equivalent to well-known NO_EXPORT community.	Supported
`14525:40002`	Don't export to any other peer, internal or external. Equivalent to well-known NO_ADVERTISE community.	Supported
`14525:40003`	Don't export to peers. Equivalent to well-known NO_EXPORT community, but only applies to peers, not customers.	Not yet supported
`14525:40004`	Don't export to customers. Equivalent to well-known NO_EXPORT community, but only applies to customers, not peers.	Not yet supported
`14525:41xxx`	Don't export to Peer `xxx`	Supported
`14525:42xxx`	Don't export to peers in Region `xxx`.	Not yet supported
`14525:43xxx`	Don't export to peers in Country `xxx`	Not yet supported
`14525:44xxx`	Don't export to peers in Metro `xxx`	Not yet supported
`14525:45xxx`	Don't export to peers in POP `xxx`.	Not yet supported
`14525:46xxx`	Don't export to customers in Region `xxx`.	Not yet supported
`14525:47xxx`	Don't export to customers in Country `xxx`	Not yet supported
`14525:48xxx`	Don't export to customers in Metro `xxx`.	Not yet supported
`14525:49xxx`	Don't export to customers in POP `xxx`	Not yet supported

Export Only

Routes with an Export Only community attached are immediately rejected on export by any routers where the region, country, metro, or POP does not match the ID specified.

Community	Description	Support Status
`14525:51xxx`	Export only to Peer `xxx`	Supported
`14525:52xxx`	Export only to peers in Region `xxx`	Not yet supported
`14525:53xxx`	Export only to peers in Country `xxx`	Not yet supported
`14525:54xxx`	Export only to peers in Metro `xxx`	Not yet supported
`14525:55xxx`	Export only to peers in POP `xxx`	Not yet supported
`14525:56xxx`	Export only to customers in Region `xxx`	Not yet supported
`14525:57xxx`	Export only to customers in Country `xxx`	Not yet supported
`14525:58xxx`	Export only to customers in Metro `xxx`	Not yet supported
`14525:59xxx`	Export only to customers in POP `xxx`	Not yet supported

Changes and Version Control

Where notice of an impending change is deemed necessary, Stellar Technologies will make every attempt to notify affected customers or peers if it is determined that any impact will occur.Stellar Technologies Inc accepts no liability whatsoever for damages or losses suffered by third parties as a result of their reliance on the information contained herein. By making use of any of information contained herein, the user acknowledges and agrees to these conditions.